Guardians of Haida Gwaii
For the Haida people, the boundary between land and sea exists only on a map. They have inhabited the archipelago of Haida Gwaii since time immemorial, with villages stretching across both the northern and southern islands. Located off the coast of northern British Columbia, these islands are the westernmost part of Canada.
The Haida have a deep and lasting connection to the land and sea, and their culture, history, and beliefs are intricately linked with the natural world. This connection is evident in their oral histories, art, land management, and governance.
The Haida revere the world with the spirit of Yah’guudang, meaning “respect for all things.” They ask that visitors travel with the same reverence by observing the requests in the Haida Gwaii Pledge, which all guests are asked to complete before their trip. These requests include:
- Acknowledging Haida Title throughout Haida Gwaii, including rights
- Speaking kindly and listening thoughtfully
- Walking, driving, parking and camping only where permitted
- Keeping a safe distance from wildlife
A Brief History
Before European contact, the Haida population along the coast is estimated to have reached tens of thousands. The first recorded visit by outsiders was in 1774 by Juan Perez, who named the San Christoval Mountains on the west coast of what is now Moresby Island. Ten years later, Captain George Dixon sailed to the same archipelago, naming it Queen Charlotte after his ship.
As part of the process of reconciliation, the islands were officially renamed Haida Gwaii, or “islands of the people,” in 2010. In 2022, in consultation with Haida Elders, the Archipelago Management Board approved the renaming of many places throughout Gwaii Haanas to their rightful Haida names.
Throughout recent history, the Haida have fiercely defended their land. In 1985, after a decade of fighting to stop widespread logging, members of the Haida community—including elders—rallied on Lyle Island against Western Forest Products. They blocked the company from aggressively logging in their traditional territory without consultation.
After three months of blockades and 72 arrests, the Haida succeeded. Today, a 1,470 square-kilometer area stands as the Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve, National Marine Conservation Area Reserve, and Haida Heritage Site—a testament to the courage and strength of the Haida Nation.
In the spring of 2024, the Haida Nation and the government of British Columbia negotiated and signed an agreement acknowledging Haida Aboriginal Title throughout Haida Gwaii. In February 2025, the Canadian government and the Council of the Haida Nation signed a similar agreement. These agreements came after decades of respectful work toward reconciliation.
Journey with Bluewater Adventures
For over 40 years, Bluewater Adventures has had the privilege of guiding trips through Gwaii Haanas, a journey we approach with deep respect. It’s an honor to share the profound history of the Haida people while celebrating the breathtaking beauty of this remarkable place.
